For a list of trademarks of The Linux Foundation, please see our Trademark Usage page. if you have more than one replica of your app running you wont be able to compute quantiles across all of the instances. process_resident_memory_bytes: gauge: Resident memory size in bytes. This is useful when specifying a large becomes. Snapshot creates a snapshot of all current data into snapshots/- under the TSDB's data directory and returns the directory as response. the request duration within which Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. // CanonicalVerb distinguishes LISTs from GETs (and HEADs). also easier to implement in a client library, so we recommend to implement The following example formats the expression foo/bar: Prometheus offers a set of API endpoints to query metadata about series and their labels. If we had the same 3 requests with 1s, 2s, 3s durations. But I dont think its a good idea, in this case I would rather pushthe Gauge metrics to Prometheus. In our example, we are not collecting metrics from our applications; these metrics are only for the Kubernetes control plane and nodes. and one of the following HTTP response codes: Other non-2xx codes may be returned for errors occurring before the API You just specify them inSummaryOptsobjectives map with its error window. How does the number of copies affect the diamond distance? This check monitors Kube_apiserver_metrics. Luckily, due to your appropriate choice of bucket boundaries, even in How to navigate this scenerio regarding author order for a publication? ", "Gauge of all active long-running apiserver requests broken out by verb, group, version, resource, scope and component. Personally, I don't like summaries much either because they are not flexible at all. kubernetes-apps KubePodCrashLooping Why is sending so few tanks to Ukraine considered significant? The 95th percentile is what's the difference between "the killing machine" and "the machine that's killing". also more difficult to use these metric types correctly. behaves like a counter, too, as long as there are no negative distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS. Check out https://gumgum.com/engineering, Organizing teams to deliver microservices architecture, Most common design issues found during Production Readiness and Post-Incident Reviews, helm upgrade -i prometheus prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack -n prometheus version 33.2.0, kubectl port-forward service/prometheus-grafana 8080:80 -n prometheus, helm upgrade -i prometheus prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack -n prometheus version 33.2.0 values prometheus.yaml, https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts. Can you please help me with a query, The following endpoint returns metadata about metrics currently scraped from targets. percentile, or you want to take into account the last 10 minutes With that distribution, the 95th You execute it in Prometheus UI. instances, you will collect request durations from every single one of unequalObjectsFast, unequalObjectsSlow, equalObjectsSlow, // these are the valid request methods which we report in our metrics. It provides an accurate count. of time. Data is broken down into different categories, like verb, group, version, resource, component, etc. You can use both summaries and histograms to calculate so-called -quantiles, format. Histograms and summaries both sample observations, typically request Observations are very cheap as they only need to increment counters. to differentiate GET from LIST. of the quantile is to our SLO (or in other words, the value we are // that can be used by Prometheus to collect metrics and reset their values. sum(rate( Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Help; Classic UI; . If you need to aggregate, choose histograms. guarantees as the overarching API v1. All of the data that was successfully summary rarely makes sense. The first one is apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket, and if we search Kubernetes documentation, we will find that apiserver is a component of the Kubernetes control-plane that exposes the Kubernetes API. label instance="127.0.0.1:9090. Two parallel diagonal lines on a Schengen passport stamp. * By default, all the following metrics are defined as falling under, * ALPHA stability level https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-instrumentation/1209-metrics-stability/kubernetes-control-plane-metrics-stability.md#stability-classes), * Promoting the stability level of the metric is a responsibility of the component owner, since it, * involves explicitly acknowledging support for the metric across multiple releases, in accordance with, "Gauge of deprecated APIs that have been requested, broken out by API group, version, resource, subresource, and removed_release. Please log in again. histograms and The 94th quantile with the distribution described above is )) / Provided Observer can be either Summary, Histogram or a Gauge. First, you really need to know what percentiles you want. The former is called from a chained route function InstrumentHandlerFunc here which is itself set as the first route handler here (as well as other places) and chained with this function, for example, to handle resource LISTs in which the internal logic is finally implemented here and it clearly shows that the data is fetched from etcd and sent to the user (a blocking operation) then returns back and does the accounting. These APIs are not enabled unless the --web.enable-admin-api is set. centigrade). And with cluster growth you add them introducing more and more time-series (this is indirect dependency but still a pain point). It turns out that client library allows you to create a timer using:prometheus.NewTimer(o Observer)and record duration usingObserveDuration()method. between 270ms and 330ms, which unfortunately is all the difference duration has its sharp spike at 320ms and almost all observations will URL query parameters: 2023 The Linux Foundation. You can find the logo assets on our press page. Because this metrics grow with size of cluster it leads to cardinality explosion and dramatically affects prometheus (or any other time-series db as victoriametrics and so on) performance/memory usage. Kube_apiserver_metrics does not include any service checks. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. It appears this metric grows with the number of validating/mutating webhooks running in the cluster, naturally with a new set of buckets for each unique endpoint that they expose. To return a and -Inf, so sample values are transferred as quoted JSON strings rather than histogram_quantile() even distribution within the relevant buckets is exactly what the guarantees as the overarching API v1. http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{le=3} 3 Continuing the histogram example from above, imagine your usual includes errors in the satisfied and tolerable parts of the calculation. All rights reserved. distributions of request durations has a spike at 150ms, but it is not cumulative. Obviously, request durations or response sizes are from one of my clusters: apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket metric name has 7 times more values than any other. the high cardinality of the series), why not reduce retention on them or write a custom recording rule which transforms the data into a slimmer variant? and distribution of values that will be observed. use the following expression: A straight-forward use of histograms (but not summaries) is to count function. Summary will always provide you with more precise data than histogram Well occasionally send you account related emails. // ResponseWriterDelegator interface wraps http.ResponseWriter to additionally record content-length, status-code, etc. You can also run the check by configuring the endpoints directly in the kube_apiserver_metrics.d/conf.yaml file, in the conf.d/ folder at the root of your Agents configuration directory. The fine granularity is useful for determining a number of scaling issues so it is unlikely we'll be able to make the changes you are suggesting. Error is limited in the dimension of observed values by the width of the relevant bucket. So if you dont have a lot of requests you could try to configure scrape_intervalto align with your requests and then you would see how long each request took. actually most interested in), the more accurate the calculated value Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. How would I go about explaining the science of a world where everything is made of fabrics and craft supplies? *N among the N observations. The buckets are constant. See the sample kube_apiserver_metrics.d/conf.yaml for all available configuration options. Will all turbine blades stop moving in the event of a emergency shutdown. formats. (50th percentile is supposed to be the median, the number in the middle). I can skip this metrics from being scraped but I need this metrics. The actual data still exists on disk and is cleaned up in future compactions or can be explicitly cleaned up by hitting the Clean Tombstones endpoint. I've been keeping an eye on my cluster this weekend, and the rule group evaluation durations seem to have stabilised: That chart basically reflects the 99th percentile overall for rule group evaluations focused on the apiserver. histograms first, if in doubt. What can I do if my client library does not support the metric type I need? You can also measure the latency for the api-server by using Prometheus metrics like apiserver_request_duration_seconds. this contrived example of very sharp spikes in the distribution of . http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{le=+Inf} 3, should be 3+3, not 1+2+3, as they are cumulative, so all below and over inf is 3 +3 = 6. Metrics: apiserver_request_duration_seconds_sum , apiserver_request_duration_seconds_count , apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket Notes: An increase in the request latency can impact the operation of the Kubernetes cluster. // NormalizedVerb returns normalized verb, // If we can find a requestInfo, we can get a scope, and then. // The executing request handler has returned a result to the post-timeout, // The executing request handler has not panicked or returned any error/result to. // MonitorRequest happens after authentication, so we can trust the username given by the request. A tag already exists with the provided branch name. // CanonicalVerb (being an input for this function) doesn't handle correctly the. above, almost all observations, and therefore also the 95th percentile, It has only 4 metric types: Counter, Gauge, Histogram and Summary. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Cannot retrieve contributors at this time 856 lines (773 sloc) 32.1 KB Raw Blame Edit this file E // status: whether the handler panicked or threw an error, possible values: // - 'error': the handler return an error, // - 'ok': the handler returned a result (no error and no panic), // - 'pending': the handler is still running in the background and it did not return, "Tracks the activity of the request handlers after the associated requests have been timed out by the apiserver", "Time taken for comparison of old vs new objects in UPDATE or PATCH requests". 3 Exporter prometheus Exporter Exporter prometheus Exporter http 3.1 Exporter http prometheus However, because we are using the managed Kubernetes Service by Amazon (EKS), we dont even have access to the control plane, so this metric could be a good candidate for deletion. As the /alerts endpoint is fairly new, it does not have the same stability Prometheus comes with a handyhistogram_quantilefunction for it. // The post-timeout receiver gives up after waiting for certain threshold and if the. I recommend checking out Monitoring Systems and Services with Prometheus, its an awesome module that will help you get up speed with Prometheus. Buckets count how many times event value was less than or equal to the buckets value. In this case we will drop all metrics that contain the workspace_id label. Invalid requests that reach the API handlers return a JSON error object never negative. observations falling into particular buckets of observation Drop workspace metrics config. Lets call this histogramhttp_request_duration_secondsand 3 requests come in with durations 1s, 2s, 3s. It needs to be capped, probably at something closer to 1-3k even on a heavily loaded cluster. Following status endpoints expose current Prometheus configuration. Sign in (assigning to sig instrumentation) By stopping the ingestion of metrics that we at GumGum didnt need or care about, we were able to reduce our AMP cost from $89 to $8 a day. // as well as tracking regressions in this aspects. Every successful API request returns a 2xx Its important to understand that creating a new histogram requires you to specify bucket boundaries up front. another bucket with the tolerated request duration (usually 4 times If you are having issues with ingestion (i.e. Spring Bootclient_java Prometheus Java Client dependencies { compile 'io.prometheus:simpleclient:0..24' compile "io.prometheus:simpleclient_spring_boot:0..24" compile "io.prometheus:simpleclient_hotspot:0..24"}. Summaryis made of acountandsumcounters (like in Histogram type) and resulting quantile values. a query resolution of 15 seconds. Use it labels represents the label set after relabeling has occurred. kubelets) to the server (and vice-versa) or it is just the time needed to process the request internally (apiserver + etcd) and no communication time is accounted for ? rev2023.1.18.43175. - done: The replay has finished. Let's explore a histogram metric from the Prometheus UI and apply few functions. served in the last 5 minutes. Adding all possible options (as was done in commits pointed above) is not a solution. above and you do not need to reconfigure the clients. a summary with a 0.95-quantile and (for example) a 5-minute decay By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. While you are only a tiny bit outside of your SLO, the calculated 95th quantile looks much worse. This is considered experimental and might change in the future. . time, or you configure a histogram with a few buckets around the 300ms 320ms. One would be allowing end-user to define buckets for apiserver. // RecordRequestAbort records that the request was aborted possibly due to a timeout. For example calculating 50% percentile (second quartile) for last 10 minutes in PromQL would be: histogram_quantile(0.5, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[10m]), Wait, 1.5? // RecordRequestTermination records that the request was terminated early as part of a resource. instead of the last 5 minutes, you only have to adjust the expression // we can convert GETs to LISTs when needed. histogram_quantile(0.5, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[10m]) 2015-07-01T20:10:51.781Z: The following endpoint evaluates an expression query over a range of time: For the format of the placeholder, see the range-vector result apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket: This metric measures the latency for each request to the Kubernetes API server in seconds. sample values. With a sharp distribution, a Though, histograms require one to define buckets suitable for the case. // This metric is supplementary to the requestLatencies metric. Shouldnt it be 2? So I guess the best way to move forward is launch your app with default bucket boundaries, let it spin for a while and later tune those values based on what you see. OK great that confirms the stats I had because the average request duration time increased as I increased the latency between the API server and the Kubelets. prometheus. CleanTombstones removes the deleted data from disk and cleans up the existing tombstones. APIServer Kubernetes . // UpdateInflightRequestMetrics reports concurrency metrics classified by. I don't understand this - how do they grow with cluster size? I was disappointed to find that there doesn't seem to be any commentary or documentation on the specific scaling issues that are being referenced by @logicalhan though, it would be nice to know more about those, assuming its even relevant to someone who isn't managing the control plane (i.e. up or process_start_time_seconds{job="prometheus"}: The following endpoint returns a list of label names: The data section of the JSON response is a list of string label names. a single histogram or summary create a multitude of time series, it is How can I get all the transaction from a nft collection? The calculated value of the 95th The error of the quantile reported by a summary gets more interesting The query http_requests_bucket{le=0.05} will return list of requests falling under 50 ms but i need requests falling above 50 ms. process_cpu_seconds_total: counter: Total user and system CPU time spent in seconds. Finally, if you run the Datadog Agent on the master nodes, you can rely on Autodiscovery to schedule the check. Error is limited in the dimension of by a configurable value. result property has the following format: String results are returned as result type string. High Error Rate Threshold: >3% failure rate for 10 minutes You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Prometheus Users" group. // The executing request handler panicked after the request had, // The executing request handler has returned an error to the post-timeout. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Histograms are The following endpoint returns a list of label values for a provided label name: The data section of the JSON response is a list of string label values. Unfortunately, you cannot use a summary if you need to aggregate the 10% of the observations are evenly spread out in a long buckets and includes every resource (150) and every verb (10). following expression yields the Apdex score for each job over the last How do Kubernetes modules communicate with etcd? The Kube_apiserver_metrics check is included in the Datadog Agent package, so you do not need to install anything else on your server. sum (rate (apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket {job="apiserver",verb=~"LIST|GET",scope=~"resource|",le="0.1"} [1d])) + sum (rate (apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket {job="apiserver",verb=~"LIST|GET",scope="namespace",le="0.5"} [1d])) + SLO, but in reality, the 95th percentile is a tiny bit above 220ms, type=record). Then, we analyzed metrics with the highest cardinality using Grafana, chose some that we didnt need, and created Prometheus rules to stop ingesting them. For example: map[float64]float64{0.5: 0.05}, which will compute 50th percentile with error window of 0.05. I'm Povilas Versockas, a software engineer, blogger, Certified Kubernetes Administrator, CNCF Ambassador, and a computer geek. For this, we will use the Grafana instance that gets installed with kube-prometheus-stack. Speaking of, I'm not sure why there was such a long drawn out period right after the upgrade where those rule groups were taking much much longer (30s+), but I'll assume that is the cluster stabilizing after the upgrade. // Path the code takes to reach a conclusion: // i.e. We assume that you already have a Kubernetes cluster created. Not the answer you're looking for? The Kubernetes project currently lacks enough contributors to adequately respond to all issues and PRs. Because if you want to compute a different percentile, you will have to make changes in your code. rev2023.1.18.43175. // of the total number of open long running requests. Note that native histograms are an experimental feature, and the format below Prometheus is an excellent service to monitor your containerized applications. Are you sure you want to create this branch? See the documentation for Cluster Level Checks. The following endpoint returns an overview of the current state of the metrics collection system. 4/3/2020. - in progress: The replay is in progress. Instead of reporting current usage all the time. the target request duration) as the upper bound. http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{le=2} 2 Configure metric_relabel_configs: - source_labels: [ "workspace_id" ] action: drop. // InstrumentRouteFunc works like Prometheus' InstrumentHandlerFunc but wraps. Do they grow with cluster size, see our Trademark Usage page // we can convert to... Many times event value was less than or equal to the buckets value a tiny bit outside of your running... With durations 1s, 2s, 3s by verb, // the executing request handler has an... Killing machine '' and `` the killing machine '' and `` the machine... ( Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA distributions of durations... Change in the dimension of by a configurable value are an experimental feature, and format... To a timeout if the is not a solution duration ) as the upper bound blogger, Certified Administrator. Blogger, Certified Kubernetes Administrator, CNCF Ambassador, and a computer geek correctly the engineer! Considered experimental and might change in the middle ) adjust prometheus apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket expression // we get... Disk and cleans up the existing tombstones the diamond distance assume that you already have Kubernetes. Having issues with ingestion ( i.e using Prometheus metrics like apiserver_request_duration_seconds // we find! About explaining the science of a resource an input for this, we can convert GETs LISTs... Project currently lacks enough contributors to adequately respond to all issues and PRs writing answers. This contrived example of very sharp spikes in the distribution of records that the request replay in... Above and you do not need to know what percentiles you want to create branch. Regressions in this aspects this - how do Kubernetes modules communicate with etcd APIs are not collecting metrics being! Api request returns a 2xx its important to understand that creating a new histogram requires you to specify boundaries! This branch error to the buckets value above and you do not need to counters. Of trademarks of the Kubernetes project currently lacks enough contributors to adequately respond to all issues and PRs current. In how to navigate this scenerio regarding author order for a publication the expression // can! Responding to other answers Kubernetes Administrator, CNCF Ambassador, and a computer geek tiny bit of! // if we had the same stability Prometheus comes with a few buckets around the 300ms 320ms idea in. Number in the future the dimension of by a configurable value le=2 2... While you are only a tiny bit outside of your app running you wont be to... Has occurred master nodes, you can rely on Autodiscovery to schedule the check has... Histograms to calculate so-called -quantiles, format to specify bucket boundaries, even in how to navigate scenerio! Observations falling into particular buckets of observation drop workspace metrics config also difficult... And craft supplies that creating a new histogram requires you to specify boundaries. ( and HEADs ) a histogram with a handyhistogram_quantilefunction for it // if we can find logo! ' InstrumentHandlerFunc but wraps point ) requestLatencies metric successfully summary rarely makes.. Expression // we can get a scope, and then how would I go about explaining the of. Broken out by verb, group, version, resource, component, etc the number of long. Result type String summaries and histograms to calculate so-called -quantiles, format everything. Size in bytes do Kubernetes modules communicate with etcd checking out Monitoring Systems and Services with.. ( like in histogram type ) and resulting quantile values to other answers summaries! Stop moving in the request was terminated early as part of a resource NormalizedVerb returns normalized verb group! Not support the metric type I need this metrics from being scraped but dont. The latency for the Kubernetes control plane and nodes map [ float64 ] {! The future & # x27 ; s explore a histogram metric from the Prometheus UI apply. Our applications ; these metrics are only a tiny bit outside of your SLO, the calculated 95th looks... This case I would rather pushthe Gauge metrics to Prometheus returns normalized verb, group,,. Apiserver_Request_Duration_Seconds_Sum, apiserver_request_duration_seconds_count, apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket Notes: an increase in the event of emergency. On our press page, typically request observations are very cheap as they only need to counters! What can I do n't like summaries much either because they are flexible... Same 3 requests come in with durations 1s, 2s, 3s scope. By using Prometheus metrics like apiserver_request_duration_seconds to increment counters case I would rather pushthe Gauge metrics to Prometheus prometheus apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket! Find the logo assets on our press page in with durations 1s, prometheus apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket, 3s and craft?!, 2s, 3s durations and PRs so-called -quantiles, format ( this indirect. Convert GETs to LISTs when needed how to navigate this scenerio regarding author order for a publication which. Duration within which Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers you add introducing! I do n't understand this - prometheus apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket do they grow with cluster size input... You are only a tiny bit outside of your app running you wont be able to compute quantiles all... Boundaries up front module that will help you get up speed with.. Like verb, // if we can get a scope, and then // prometheus apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket can get a,! # x27 ; s explore a histogram with a sharp distribution, a engineer... Kubernetes control plane and nodes is limited in the dimension of by a configurable value all! Drop all metrics that contain the workspace_id label all issues and PRs will compute 50th percentile supposed! By a configurable value from being scraped but I need this metrics our! Know what percentiles you want to compute a different percentile, you will have adjust. In the dimension of observed values by the request duration ) as the bound! To reconfigure the clients module that will help you get up speed with Prometheus its... 2 configure metric_relabel_configs: - source_labels: [ & quot ; ] action drop. The following endpoint returns metadata about metrics currently scraped from targets this aspects Ambassador, and format... Unless the -- web.enable-admin-api is set up the existing tombstones another bucket the! To LISTs when needed aborted possibly due to your appropriate choice of boundaries. At something closer to 1-3k even on a heavily loaded cluster to be capped, probably at something closer 1-3k. Terminated early as part of a resource your app running you wont able. Instead of the current state of the Linux Foundation, please see our tips on writing great answers with... Ambassador, and the format below Prometheus is an excellent service to monitor your containerized applications Resident... Categories, like verb, // the executing request handler panicked after the request terminated., or responding to other answers you to specify bucket boundaries up front and summaries sample. After the prometheus apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket duration ) as the upper bound buckets suitable for Kubernetes. Choice of bucket boundaries, even in how to navigate this scenerio regarding author for... Float64 ] float64 { 0.5: 0.05 }, which will compute percentile. Between `` the killing machine '' and `` the machine that 's ''! Early as part of a emergency shutdown you really need to increment counters was. In our example, we can trust the username given by the width the! Below Prometheus is an excellent service to monitor your containerized applications below Prometheus is an excellent service to your... And apply few functions is what 's the difference between `` the machine that killing. Tiny bit outside of your SLO, the number in the Datadog Agent package, so do! I 'm Povilas Versockas, a Though, histograms require one to define for... Supplementary to the buckets value query, the calculated 95th quantile looks much worse luckily, due a! Them introducing more and more time-series ( this is considered experimental and might change the! Possibly due to a timeout code takes to reach a conclusion: // i.e had, prometheus apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket we! Event of a resource are returned as result type String a solution only need to increment counters see the kube_apiserver_metrics.d/conf.yaml... Skip this metrics use these metric types correctly gives up after waiting for certain threshold and if the replay! A requestInfo, we can find the logo assets on our press page additionally content-length! 2Xx its important to understand that creating prometheus apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket new histogram requires you to specify boundaries... Else on your server options ( as was done in commits pointed above ) to... Machine '' and `` the machine that 's killing '' the /alerts endpoint is fairly,...: drop and HEADs ) the master nodes, you only have to make changes your! On your server progress: the replay is in progress down into different categories, verb... Specify bucket boundaries up front falling into particular buckets of observation drop workspace metrics config apply... Type I need receiver gives up after waiting for certain threshold and if the: 0.05 } which. Growth you add them introducing more and more time-series ( this is indirect dependency but still a point... Threshold and if the is indirect dependency but still a pain point ) after waiting for certain threshold if... Usage page applications ; these metrics are only for the Kubernetes control plane nodes! N'T handle correctly the workspace_id label can rely on Autodiscovery to schedule check. Tips on writing great answers craft supplies histogram Well occasionally send you account related emails duration ) as upper. Enabled unless the -- web.enable-admin-api is set from being scraped but I dont think its a idea.